Table of Contents
- 1 What are the similarities and differences between base excision repair and nucleotide excision repair?
- 2 What kind of DNA damage does ber repair?
- 3 What is the base excision repair BER and his mechanism?
- 4 Are bases and nucleotides the same thing?
- 5 What does base excision repair?
- 6 What type of repair is excision repair?
- 7 What does nucleotide excision repair fix?
- 8 How are nucleotides bonded together?
- 9 What is the difference between nucleotide excision repair and Ber?
- 10 What is the excision repair mechanism of DNA?
- 11 What are the two methods of excision repair?
What are the similarities and differences between base excision repair and nucleotide excision repair?
| Base Excision Repair vs Nucleotide Excision Repair | |
|---|---|
| Base excision repair (BER) is a DNA repair system occurs in cells. | Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is another type of DNA repair system found in cells. |
| Complexity | |
| BER is the least complex repair system | It is more complex than BER. |
| Need for Proteins |
What kind of DNA damage does ber repair?
The BER pathway repairs non-distorting DNA lesions following oxidation, deamination or alkylation of bases in the DNA backbone18. Initially, a damaged base is recognized and removed by a DNA glycosylase that cleaves the N-glycosidic bond between the base and the DNA backbone, generating an AP site (Fig. 1a).
How does nucleotide excision repair differ from base excision repair?
In base excision repair, just the damaged base is removed. In nucleotide excision repair, as in the mismatch repair we saw above, a patch of nucleotides is removed.
What is the base excision repair BER and his mechanism?
Base excision repair (BER) is a cellular mechanism, studied in the fields of biochemistry and genetics, that repairs damaged DNA throughout the cell cycle. It is responsible primarily for removing small, non-helix-distorting base lesions from the genome.
Are bases and nucleotides the same thing?
A nucleotide is the basic building block of nucleic acids. A nucleotide consists of a sugar molecule (either ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) attached to a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing base. The bases used in DNA are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T).
What is the importance of nucleotide and base excision repair separately?
The primary function of nucleotide excision repair is removal of bulky adducts generated by chemicals or UV radiation, while base excision repair is the major pathway for correction of non-helix-distorting lesions such as those introduced by ionizing radiation or cellular metabolic events.
What does base excision repair?
Base excision repair (BER) corrects DNA damage from oxidation, deamination and alkylation. BER is initiated by a DNA glycosylase that recognizes and removes the damaged base, leaving an abasic site that is further processed by short-patch repair or long-patch repair that largely uses different proteins to complete BER.
What type of repair is excision repair?
In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, a major cellular mechanism for the removal of DNA damage is nucleotide excision repair (excision repair), an enzymatic pathway that recognizes and corrects a wide spectrum of structural anomalies (DNA lesions) ranging from bulky, helix-distorting adducts to nonhelix-distorting …
How does nucleotide excision repair differ from base excision repair quizlet?
Nucleotide-excision repair reverses the chemical reaction that caused the lesion, whereas base-excision repair removes the damaged bases and replaces them with normal ones.
What does nucleotide excision repair fix?
Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is the main pathway used by mammals to remove bulky DNA lesions such as those formed by UV light, environmental mutagens, and some cancer chemotherapeutic adducts from DNA. Deficiencies in NER are associated with the extremely skin cancer-prone inherited disorder xeroderma pigmentosum.
How are nucleotides bonded together?
Nucleotides are joined together by covalent bonds between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the third carbon atom of the pentose sugar in the next nucleotide. This produces an alternating backbone of sugar – phosphate – sugar – phosphate all along the polynucleotide chain.
What is the one part of the nucleotide that differs among the other different nucleotides?
These nitrogenous bases are either purines or pyrimidines. Base pairs are formed when adenine forms a hydrogen bond with thymine, or cytosine forms a hydrogen bond with guanine. The second part of a nucleotide is the phosphate, which differentiates the nucleotide molecule from a nucleoside molecule.
What is the difference between nucleotide excision repair and Ber?
Base excision repair (BER) is a DNA repair system occurs in cells. Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is another type of DNA repair system found in cells.
What is the excision repair mechanism of DNA?
NER refers to the excision repair mechanism, which removes the long base adducts in DNA or the whole nucleotide sequence. It is a type of long patch excision repair mechanism. It distorts the configuration of the DNA helix.
What is a base excision repair system?
Base excision repair is the simplest version of DNA repair system the cells have. It is used to repair minor damages in DNA. DNA bases are modified due to deamination or alkylation.
What are the two methods of excision repair?
An excision repair involves two methods, namely BER(base excision repair) and NER(nucleotide excision repair). When there is a single unwanted base present in the DNA, it refers as very short patch DNA and to repair this the base excision repair system is employed.