What are the 3 types of drug interactions?

What are the 3 types of drug interactions?

Drug interactions can be categorised into 3 groups: Interactions of drugs with other drugs (drug-drug interactions), Drugs with food (drug-food interactions) Drug with disease condition (drug-disease interactions).

What is a pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction?

Pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions occur when a drug alters the disposition (absorption, distribution, elimination) of a coadministered agent. Pharmacokinetic interactions may result in the increase or the decrease of plasma drug concentrations.

What are 3 mechanisms of drug-drug interactions?

The pharmacodynamic interactions of drug-on-drug can be divided into three broad groups: interference with drug effects on receptor function, interference with a physiological control process, and additive or opposing physiological effects. To elaborate on these is the objective of this chapter.

What is an example of pharmacokinetic drug interaction?

Pharmacokinetic interactions occur at the levels of absorption (e.g., levothyroxine and neutralizing antacids), elimination (e.g., digoxin and macrolides), and metabolism, as in the competition for cytochrome P450 enzymes (e.g., SSRIs and certain beta-blockers).

What do you understand about drug interactions?

A drug interaction is a reaction between two (or more) drugs or between a drug and a food, beverage, or supplement. Taking a drug while having certain medical conditions can also cause a drug interaction. For example, taking a nasal decongestant if you have high blood pressure may cause an unwanted reaction.

How do drug interactions work?

Drug interactions may lead to an increase or decrease in the beneficial or the adverse effects of the given drugs. When a drug interaction increases the benefit of the administered drugs without increasing side effects, both drugs may be combined to increase the control of the condition that is being treated.

What does it mean for a drug to interact with another drug?

What are the 4 steps of pharmacokinetics?

Think of pharmacokinetics as a drug’s journey through the body, during which it passes through four different phases: absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME).

What does it mean for drugs to interact?

(… IN-teh-RAK-shun) A change in the way a drug acts in the body when taken with certain other drugs, herbals, or foods, or when taken with certain medical conditions. Drug interactions may cause the drug to be more or less effective, or cause effects on the body that are not expected.

How can drug interactions be beneficial?

Beneficial pharmacokinetic interactions include the improvement of the bioavailability of a drug (i.e., by enhancing absorption and/or inhibiting metabolism) or prolongation of a drug’s plasma level within its therapeutic window (i.e., by decreasing excretion), whereas beneficial pharmacodynamic interactions include …

What special advice should be given while dispensing diphenhydramine?

Drowsiness, dizziness, constipation, stomach upset, blurred vision, or dry mouth/nose/throat may occur. If any of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly. To relieve dry mouth, suck (sugarless) hard candy or ice chips, chew (sugarless) gum, drink water, or use a saliva substitute.

Why is it important to understand the mechanisms of these medications?

Knowledge of a drug’s mechanism of action enables better dosing through monitoring of the drug’s effects on the target pathway in the patient. For example, the proper statin dosage for a given patient is often determined on the basis of the observed reduction in blood cholesterol levels.

What are the mechanisms of pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions?

[Mechanisms of pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions] Pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions occur when a drug alters the disposition (absorption, distribution, elimination) of a coadministered agent. Pharmacokinetic interactions may result in the increase or the decrease of plasma drug concentrations.

What are the clinical resources available for drug–drug interactions?

Clinical resources for drug–drug interactions A number of resources are available to help clinicians with drug–drug interactions: individual drug monographs in formularies, such as the Australian Medicines Handbook, are a useful starting point for learning about new drugs

How do you identify pharmacokinetic interactions in DDI?

Pharmacokinetic DDI. Pharmacokinetic interactions are often considered on the basis of knowledge of each drug and are identified by controlling the patient’s clinical manifestations as well as the changes in serum drug concentrations.

How can we prevent drug-drug interactions?

The systematic knowledge of drug interaction, in particular on the level of absorption, elimination, transport and drug metabolism may help to prevent adverse effects. Predicting pharmacodynamic interactions often demands a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of effect. Electronic prescribing systems are helpful.