How does pressure affect steam?

How does pressure affect steam?

With the increased pressure, you in turn get steam at higher temperatures. Higher temperature steam contains more energy per pound, which is known as Enthalpy. Typically if a boilers pressure is higher, more material is needed to help the boiler withstand the heat necessary to generate the steam.

What pressure do steam turbines run at?

In a backpressure turbine, common pressure levels are 50, 150, and 250 psig, with lower pressures often used in district heating systems; higher pressures are more typical for industrial processes. An extraction turbine has one or more openings in its casing to extract steam at an intermediate pressure.

How does the back pressure affect the performance of the steam turbine?

The back pressure of the condenser sets the saturation temperature at which the expanded steam rejects its latent heat of vaporisation to the cooling water. Consequently, changes in back pressure affect the temperature of cycle heat rejection. Generally, a low exhaust pressure is sought as it improves cycle efficiency.

Why is low pressure steam more efficient?

Water in low-pressure boilers is not heated beyond 250ºF, and the steam pressure does not exceed 15 psi (pounds per square inch). Low-pressure steam can be more economical to produce than high-pressure steam, as it requires less energy to create and does not lead to as much wear and tear on components.

What pressure is low pressure steam?

15 PSI
Low-pressure steam is limited to 15 PSI (pounds per square inch). High-pressure steam applications require more than 15 PSI. However, with high pressure steam, complex and costly regulations set in.

How does steam create high pressure?

Steam can be produced by burning fossil fuels such as natural gas, and releasing their chemical energy to heat the high-pressure liquid in the boiler tubes (water wall tubes, risers, down-comers, superheaters, and economizers).

What is low pressure turbine?

The Low Pressure Turbine (LPT) is uniquely designed to provide high aerodynamic efficiency in low pressure ratio operation, to recover exhaust energy whilst minimising back pressure.

What is the difference between high pressure and low-pressure steam?

Difference between low-pressure vs. High-pressure steam is essentially squeezed more tightly. So, to transfer the same load, the steam doesn’t have to move as quickly through the pipes. Low-pressure steam is limited to 15 PSI (pounds per square inch). High-pressure steam applications require more than 15 PSI.

What is the difference between high pressure steam and low-pressure steam?

The reason is simple: High-pressure steam fits into a smaller space than low-pressure steam. The pressure squeezes it. You wind up with less volume. So to transfer the same load, the steam doesn’t have to move as quickly through the pipes.

What is the efficiency of steam turbine?

Condensing steam turbines have an efficiency in the range ηe = 36 to 42\%. From this it follows that only a small portion of heat released in the process of fuel combustion is transformed into effective work. Turbine units for power and steam generation have higher overall efficiency.

What are steam turbines used for?

Steam turbines are used to transfer energy to drive a machine. They are used to create electricity from various energy sources that produce the raw material steam. These energy sources include fossil fuel, nuclear energy, geothermal energy and even solar power. Steam turbines have also been used to power locomotives and ships.

What is high pressure steam system?

A high-pressure steam locomotive is a steam locomotive with a boiler that operates at pressures well above what would be considered normal. In the later years of steam, boiler pressures were typically 200 to 250 psi (1.38 to 1.72 MPa).

What are the components of a steam turbine?

The main components of a thermal/steam power plant are: Pump, boiler, steam turbine, condenser and generator.