What are some examples of fermionic condensate?

What are some examples of fermionic condensate?

A chiral condensate is an example of a fermionic condensate that appears in theories of massless fermions with chiral symmetry breaking, such as the theory of quarks in Quantum Chromodynamics.

What state of matter is Bose-Einstein condensate?

Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), a state of matter in which separate atoms or subatomic particles, cooled to near absolute zero (0 K, − 273.15 °C, or − 459.67 °F; K = kelvin), coalesce into a single quantum mechanical entity—that is, one that can be described by a wave function—on a near-macroscopic scale.

What are Bose-Einstein Condensate and fermionic condensate?

A fermionic condensate, or fermi condensate, is a state of matter (superfluid phase) which is very similar to the Bose–Einstein condensate. Superfluids are also Bose-Einstein condensates. The only difference is that Bose-Einstein condensates are made up of bosons, and are social with each other (in groups, or clumps).

What is Bose-Einstein condensate used for?

One application for BEC is for the building of so-called atom lasers, which could have applications ranging from atomic-scale lithography to measurement and detection of gravitational fields.

What is an example of the fifth state of matter?

A gas, for example, can be ionised at high temperatures to form a plasma. In 1995, researchers were able to prove that a fifth state of matter could be created at very low temperatures — the Bose-Einstein condensate. In quantum mechanics, the Bose-Einstein condensate is used to conduct quantum experiments.

What are the uses of Bose-Einstein condensate?

The proposed areas of applications of bose-einstein condensate are: Quantum information processing- concept of quantum computer. Precision measurement by development of most sensitive detectors using BEC. Development of optical lattices which could be easily modifiable by varying the interplanar spacing etc.

What does Bose-Einstein condensation signify?

: a state of matter that occurs when a set of atoms is cooled almost to absolute zero in which a statistical description of the positions of the atoms implies that they physically overlap each other and in effect form a single atom.

Is liquid helium Bose-Einstein condensate?

The helium-3, in liquid state at 3.2 K, can be evaporated into the superfluid helium-4, where it acts as a gas due to the latter’s properties as a Bose–Einstein condensate. This evaporation pulls energy from the overall system, which can be pumped out in a way completely analogous to normal refrigeration techniques.

Is ice a Bose-Einstein condensate?

A cold ice cube is still a solid. When you get to a temperature near absolute zero, something special happens. Since there is no more energy to transfer (as in solids or liquids), all of the atoms have exactly the same levels, like twins. The result of this clumping is the BEC.

What is an example of a BE condensate?

Two examples of materials containing Bose-Einstein condensates are superconductors and superfluids. Superconductors conduct electricity with virtually zero electrical resistance: Once a current is started, it flows indefinitely. The liquid in a superfluid also flows forever. In effect, there is no friction.

What are the properties of Bose Einstein condensate?

Bose-Einstein Condensate Properties. As atoms cool, they behave more like waves and less like particles. When cooled enough, their waves expand and begin to overlap. This is similar to steam condensing on a lid when it is boiled.

What is the use of Bose Einstein?

Viewed as a pure probability distribution, the Bose-Einstein distribution has found application in other fields: In recent years, Bose-Einstein statistics have also been used as a method for term weighting in information retrieval .

What state of matter is Bose Einstein?

Bose Einstein Condensate is the fifth state of matter (after solid, liquid, gas, plasma). To visualize the fifth state of matter one needs to have the cooling capacity to lower gas temperature to very near the absolute zero (less than one-millionth of a degree above absolute zero).

What is Bose Einstein statistics?

In statistical mechanics, Bose-Einstein statistics means the statistics of a system where you can not tell the difference between any of the particles, and the particles are bosons. Bosons are fundamental particles like the photon. The Bose-Einstein distribution tells you how many particles have a certain energy.