Table of Contents
What is a azide group?
azide, any of a class of chemical compounds containing three nitrogen atoms as a group, represented as (-N3).
How did n nitrosodimethylamine NDMA get into valsartan?
Experts suggest that the NDMA impurity in valsartan could have come from sodium nitrite, which is used to mop up remaining sodium azide reagent. The nitrite forms nitrous acid under acidic conditions that then could react with trace amounts of dimethylamine, a degradate of the solvent dimethylformamide.
Is azide a good leaving group?
Acyl azides are activated carboxylate groups that can react with primary amines to form amide bonds. The azide function is a good leaving group similar to the N-hydroxysuccinimide group of NHS ester compounds.
What are metal azides?
Heavy metal azides, such as lead azide are primary high explosives detonable when heated or shaken. Heavy-metal azides are formed when solutions of sodium azide or HN3 vapors come into contact with heavy metals or their salts.
What is azide found in?
Sodium azide is best known as the chemical found in automobile airbags. An electrical charge triggered by automobile impact causes sodium azide to explode and convert to nitrogen gas inside the airbag. Sodium azide is used as a chemical preservative in hospitals and laboratories.
Is azide an amine?
2. Organic Azides as “Masked Amines” If treated with a reducing agent, such as LiAlH4 or even catalytic hydrogenation (Pd/C , H2) organic azides can be reduced to primary amines, liberating N2 in the process.
What prescription drugs contain NDMA?
N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) is a hepatotoxic agent and carcinogen contaminant in commonly used medications such as valsartan, losartan, irbesartan, and ranitidine.
Does NDMA accumulate in the body?
The chemical compound N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) may accumulate in your body if you ingest ranitidine, which is the active ingredient in the antacid Zantac. According to the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA), the amount of NDMA that may accumulate in your body if you ingest ranitidine.
Does NaN3 do SN1?
Azide is a very good nucleophile and is not bulky, so it can easily participate in SN2 type reactions. On the other end, substances like t-butyl tosylate or 2-phenyl-isopropyltosylate are so bulky that direct SN2 is disfavored, and instead can generate stabilized carbocations, leading to favorable SN1 type reaction.
What is azide used for?
Sodium azide is used as a chemical preservative in hospitals and laboratories. Accidents have occurred in these settings. In one case, sodium azide was poured into a drain, where it exploded and the toxic gas was inhaled (breathed in). Sodium azide is used in agriculture (farming) for pest control.
Where are azides found?
Where sodium azide is found and how it is used. Sodium azide is best known as the chemical found in automobile airbags. An electrical charge triggered by automobile impact causes sodium azide to explode and convert to nitrogen gas inside the airbag.
How do you quench an azide?
Quenching
- In a three-neck flask with a stirrer, dilute the azide with water so that it does not exceed 5\%
- With stirring add a 20\% solution of sodium nitrite containing 1.5 g of sodium nitrite per gram of azide.