Table of Contents
What is actinomycosis and actinobacillosis?
Actinomycosis and actinobacillosis, commonly known as “lumpy jaw” and “wooden tongue” respectively, are chronic infective diseases which are most commonly encountered in cattle, occasionally in pigs, and much less frequently in the other domestic animals and man.
Is Actinomyces same as actinomycosis?
Actinomycosis is usually caused by the bacterium called Actinomyces israelii. This is a common organism found in the nose and throat. It normally does not cause disease. Because of the bacteria’s normal location in the nose and throat, actinomycosis most commonly affects the face and neck.
Which is another name used for actinomycosis?
Actinomycosis occurs rarely in humans, but rather frequently in cattle as a disease called “lumpy jaw”. This name refers to the large abscesses that grow on the head and neck of the infected animal.
What is actinomycosis?
Actinomycosis is a subacute-to-chronic bacterial infection caused by filamentous, gram-positive, non–acid-fast, anaerobic-to-microaerophilic bacteria.
What does Actinomyces cause?
Actinomycosis is a rare, infectious disease in which bacteria spread from one part of the body to another through body tissues. Over time, it can result in linked abscesses, pain, and inflammation. It can affect the skin or deeper areas within the body and sometimes the blood.
What is lumpy jaw?
Lumpy jaw is an infectious bacterial disease commonly referred to as ‘actino’. This disease is similar to wooden tongue and has the potential to be fatal. Treatment can be successful if disease is detected early. It is most commonly seen in cattle.
What is Cervicofacial actinomycosis?
Cervicofacial actinomycosis is a chronic disease characterized by abscess formation, draining sinus tracts, fistulae, and tissue fibrosis.
Is actinomycosis and Actinomycetoma same?
Actinomycosis is to be differentiated from actinomycetoma, which is a chronic infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, usually involving the foot (see mycetoma). Actinomycetoma is caused by different species of Actinomyces that are found in soil and plant material in tropical regions.
What are Actinomycosis give example?
Actinomycosis happens when the Actinomyces species of bacteria spread through the body because of tissue damage. Most people have Actinomyces bacteria in the lining of the mouth, throat, digestive tract, and urinary tract, and it is present in the female genital tract.
How do you get actinomycosis?
Is actinomycosis painful?
The lump itself isn’t typically painful. However, it can result in a painful skin abscess that first appears as a reddish bruise at the site. Actinomycosis can also cause muscle spasms in the jaw or a “locked jaw.” If this happens, the mouth cannot open in a normal way.
Why is actinomycosis called lumpy jaw?
Actinomycosis, commonly called ‘Lumpy Jaw’, is caused by the bacteria Actinomyces bovis, which is a normal inhabitant of the bovine mouth. Actinomycosis is a chronic bacterial disease and is more common in cattle than in goats and sheep.
What is actinomycosis and how is it caused?
Actinomycosis is an infrequent or rare chronic bacterial disease caused by Actinomyces spp. Actinomyces spp are filamentous gram-positive bacilli which are members of the human commensal flora of the oropharynx, gastrointestinal tract, and urogenital tract. They normally colonize the human mouth and digestive and genital tracts.
What are the diseases caused by Actinobacillus?
Actinobacillus species cause 3 major diseases of animals. A pleuropneumoniae can causes severe respiratory disease in swine that often results in high mortality. A equuli can cause septicemia and pneumonia in foals as well as adult horses.
How do you test for Actinobacillosis?
Actinobacillosis is caused by several species of gram-negative coccobacilli of the genus Actinobacillus. Clinical signs vary, depending on the specific bacteria and the animal species they infect. Diagnosis can be confirmed by culture, PCR, or ELISA of tissue samples to identify the bacteria.
What is the treatment for Actinobacillosis in ruminants?
Sodium iodide is the treatment of choice in ruminant actinobacillosis. Intravenous sodium iodide (70 mg/kg of a 10\% to 20\% solution) is given once and then repeated 1–2 times at 7- to 10-day intervals.