Table of Contents
What is limonene?
Limonene is a chemical found in the rind of citrus fruits, such as lemons, limes, and oranges. It is especially concentrated in orange peels, comprising around 97\% of this rind’s essential oils ( 2 ). It’s often referred to as d-limonene, which is its main chemical form.
Is there another name for limonene?
Limonene takes its name from French limon (“lemon”)….Limonene.
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Other names 1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexene 4-Isopropenyl-1-methylcyclohexene p-Menth-1,8-diene Racemic: DL-Limonene; Dipentene | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 138-86-3 (R/S) 5989-27-5 (R) 5989-54-8 (S) |
| 3D model (JSmol) | Interactive image |
What elements make up limonene?
Limonene is a monoterpene that is cyclohex-1-ene substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4 respectively. It has a role as a human metabolite. It is a monoterpene and a cycloalkene.
What class of compound is limonene?
menthane monoterpenoids
Polylimonene, also known as (+/-)-limonene or cajeputene, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as menthane monoterpenoids. These are monoterpenoids with a structure based on the o-, m-, or p-menthane backbone.
Is limonene R or S?
Limonene, a compound of the terpene family, is present in the essential oil of citrus peel. The limonene structure has a chiral center, and thus it is found in nature as two enantiomers the (R)- and (S)-limonene. Isomer (R)- has the characteristic smell of oranges, while the (S)- smells like lemons.
What terpene is limonene?
Limonene is a recognizable terpene found most readily in fruit rinds, particularly citrus fruits like lemon and grapefruit. In addition to citrus, Limonene is prevalent in herbs like rosemary and peppermint. The scent is strongly citrusy, sweet-tart, and fresh.
How is limonene produced?
Nowadays, most limonene is produced from citrus rind, a major by-product generated during fruit processing in citrus juice industries (Crawshaw, 2001). Limonene-containing essential oil is first extracted from the flavedo layer of citrus rinds by methods such as cold pressing or hydro-distillation.
How is limonene extracted?
Limonene can be extracted by various conventional methods like steam distillation cold press, solvent extraction, novel methods like super critical CO2 extraction, it means varied typical ways like steam distillation cold press, solvent extraction, novel ways like super essential greenhouse emission extraction.
How is limonene chiral?
The limonene structure has a chiral center, and thus it is found in nature as two enantiomers the (R)- and (S)-limonene. Isomer (R)- has the characteristic smell of oranges, while the (S)- smells like lemons. In oranges, essential oil comprises 95\% of (R)-limonene, whereas lemon peel contains mostly (S)-limonene.
Is limonene in citric acid?
People who are allergic to citrus fruit peels are often allergic to limonene, a chemical found in the peels of citrus fruits.
Is limonene a compound?
1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-cyclohexene
Limonene/IUPAC ID
Is limonene toxic?
D-limonene is considered to have fairly low toxicity. In humans, d-limonene has demonstrated low toxicity after single and repeated dosing for up to one year. Being a solvent of cholesterol, d-limonene has been used clinically to dissolve cholesterol-containing gallstones.
Is limonine a chemical?
Limonene , a colourless liquid abundant in the essential oils of pine and citrus trees and used as a lemonlike odorant in industrial and household products and as a chemical intermediate.
What are common chemical formulas?
1) Monosodium glutamate. Monosodium glutamate is famous to be known as MSG in household. 2) Sodium hydroxide. Sodium hydroxide is an inorganic compound composed from sodium ( Na +) and hydroxde ( OH – ). 3) Hydrogen Peroxide. 4) Sucrose. 5) Methane. 6) Sodium Sulfate.
What is the chemical formula for lemon juice?
There is no specific formula for lemon juice, as this liquid is a mixture and not a singular compound. Lemon juice is made of water, citric acid , vitamins and minerals, each specific compound having its own chemical formula.
What is chemical formula for Lemonade?
Fructose, also known as fruit sugar, is made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen. The chemical formula of fructose is C H O . Fructose is also soluble in water. Fructose is also found in many plants. Lemonade By: Allison N. Lemonade is a homogeneous mixture. The chemical equation for lemonade is CO + H O H CO .