Table of Contents
What is special about Bose-Einstein condensate?
A Bose-Einstein condensate is a group of atoms cooled to within a hair of absolute zero. When they reach that temperature the atoms are hardly moving relative to each other; they have almost no free energy to do so. Instead, the atoms fall into the same quantum states, and can’t be distinguished from one another.
How Bose-Einstein condensate is formed?
In condensed matter physics, a Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter that is typically formed when a gas of bosons at low densities is cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero (−273.15 °C or −459.67 °F).
Is condensate a state of matter?
Carl E. Cornell and Wolfgang Ketterle, won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2001 for creating a new ultracold state of matter, the so-called Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). After studying at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (B.S., 1973), Wieman earned a Ph. D. from Stanford University in 1977.
How is Bose-Einstein condensate formed?
Are all Bose-Einstein condensates superfluid?
Superfluidity is often coincidental with Bose-Einstein condensation, but neither phenomenon is directly related to the other; not all Bose-Einstein condensates can be regarded as superfluids, and not all superfluids are Bose-Einstein condensates. Superfluidity was originally discovered in liquid helium by Pyotr Kapitsa and John F. Allen.
What state of matter is Bose Einstein?
Bose Einstein Condensate is the fifth state of matter (after solid, liquid, gas, plasma). To visualize the fifth state of matter one needs to have the cooling capacity to lower gas temperature to very near the absolute zero (less than one-millionth of a degree above absolute zero).
What is Bose Einstein condensation?
Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), a state of matter in which separate atoms or subatomic particles, cooled to near absolute zero (0 K, − 273.15 °C, or − 459.67 °F; K = kelvin), coalesce into a single quantum mechanical entity—that is, one that can be described by a wave function—on a near-macroscopic scale.
What is Einstein Bose condensate?
A Bose-Einstein condensate is a group of atoms cooled to within a hair of absolute zero. When they reach that temperature the atoms are hardly moving relative to each other; they have almost no free energy to do so.