What is the most energy efficient protocol for wireless sensor networks?

What is the most energy efficient protocol for wireless sensor networks?

EE-MRP: Energy-Efficient Multistage Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks.

What are the challenges of wireless sensor networks?

Challenges in such WSN include high bandwidth demand, high energy consumption, quality of service (QoS) provisioning, data processing and compressing techniques, and cross-layer design.

How energy efficient routing protocol is important for wireless sensor networks?

Inasmuch as the energy of sensor nodes is limited, prolonging network lifetime in WSNs is considered to be a critical issue. The proposed routing scheme improves the network lifetime by forwarding data packets via the optimal shortest path.

How is the power efficiency in wireless sensor network accomplished?

It has been accomplished by augmenting the energy balancing in clusters among all sensor nodes to minimize the energy dissipation during network communications. The energy consumption of WSN has been reduced up to about 60\% and prolong the network life cycle by 73\% than LEACH.

Which MAC protocol is used in WSN to reduce energy?

3.2 Sensor MAC (S-MAC) Protocol To provide energy conservation, the S-MAC protocol tries to reduce undesirable energy depletion due to collision, overhearing, packet overhead and idle listening as well as it turns the radio on and off based on the fixed duty cycles.

Which of the following schemes is most energy efficient?

LED uses much less energy than CFL, tube light, an incandescent bulb because diode light is much more efficient than any other lights. LED bulbs use more than 75\% less energy than incandescent lighting. At low power levels, the difference is even larger.

Which protocol is used in WSN to reduce energy consumption and support self configuration?

S-MAC
This paper introduces different types of MAC protocols used for WSNs and proposes S-MAC, a Medium-Access Control protocol designed for Wireless Sensor Networks. S-MAC uses a few innovative techniques to reduce energy consumption and support self-configuration.

What are the challenges of the energy consumption of different sensors nodes?

In WSNs, each sensor node has different energy consumption rate due to ine- quality in event sensing and distance from Base Station. This leads to energy disparity among sensor nodes in the network which in turn shortens the lifetime of the net- work. Another important issue in WSN is satisfying the QoS parameters.

Which routing protocols are energy-efficient?

Energy-Efficient Sensor Routing (EESR) EESR is a flat routing algorithm [16] proposed particularly to decrease the power utilization and data latency, and to give scalability in the WSN. Mainly, it consists of Gateway, Base Station, Manager Nodes, and Sensor Nodes [17] [18].

What is energy-efficient routing?

Energy-efficient routing protocols exploit application requirements in order to save precious energy of the sensor nodes resulting in extended lifetime of the network [34]. Routing protocols for delay sensitive applications tend to reduce the number of transmissions in order to save energy.

How are wireless sensors powered?

Energy Harvesting Transducers Traditional power sources for wireless sensors have typically been a primary (i.e., non-rechargeable) battery such as AA or AAA alkaline cells, lithium thionyl chloride, lithium coin cells, or a host of other chemistries.

Which technique is used in wireless sensor networks to improve the power efficiency of sensor nodes?

IEEE 802.15. 4 standard and the ZigBee technology. The main goal of the ZigBee technology is to enable WSNs composed of large number of nodes to function with reduced energy consumption. Most WSN technologies like Mica Motes use ZigBee in order to achieve higher lifetime levels for their WSN applications.