Why do NAD and FAD produce different amounts of ATP?

Why do NAD and FAD produce different amounts of ATP?

The number of hydrogen ions the electron transport chain complexes can pump through the membrane varies between species. NAD+ provides more ATP than FAD+ in the electron transport chain and can lead to variance in ATP production.

Why does FAD yield less ATP than NAD?

Correct answer: FADH2 produces less ATP then NADH because the electrons for FADH2 are dropped off at the second protein of the electron transport chain. As a result, the electrons from FADH2 do not pump as much electrons across the membrane as NADH.

Why does the electron carrier FADH2 not produce as much ATP as NADH?

Explain why FADH2 produces fewer ATP molecules than NADH when it passes its electrons down the electron transport chain. FADH2 produces fewer ATP molecules than NADH when it passes its electrons down the electron transport chain because FADH2 only activates 2 proton pumps, while NADH activates 3 proton pumps.

What is the difference between NAD and FAD?

FAD also exists in two redox states. One of the main differences that can be seen between FAD, flavin adenine dinucleotide, and NAD, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, is in the difference of accepting hydrogen atoms. FAD can accommodate two hydrogens whereas NAD accepts just one hydrogen.

What role does NAD and FAD play in cellular respiration?

Both NAD and FAD play a crucial role in cellular respiration to temporarily store energy as it’s released from glucose. Transferring the electrons NAD and FAD are carrying during an oxidation reaction releases the stored energy that was harvested from glucose.

Why are fewer ATP molecules generated when only FADH2 acts as an electron carrier?

b)When FADH2 is the final acceptor, the final energy in the electron transport chain is higher, which means less energy was available to pump protons across the membrane. This reduces the number of protons that are pumped across the membrane, so fewer ATP molecules are generated.

Why are NAD and FAD coenzymes?

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD) and Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD) are coenzymes involved in reversible oxidation and reduction reactions. Then, these reduced coenzymes can donate these electrons to some other biochemical reaction normally involved in a process that is anabolic (like the synthesis of ATP).

What do NAD+ and FAD have in common?

They are Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD+). They both are in charge of accepting the high-energy electrons and carry them to the electron transport chain. There they used to synthesize ATP molecules.

Why are more ATP produced from NADH than from FADH2?

The reason why more ATP are produced from NADH than from FADH2 is that FAD takes less energy to reduce than does NAD+; so when the opposite (oxidation) occurs, more energy is released from NADH than from FADH2. “Although many of the reactions involved in glucose and fatty acid oxidation are sufficiently energetic to reduced NAD+, several are not.

Why do some cells produce less ATP than others?

This is not perfectly maintained, the membranes may be a bit ‘leaky’, resulting in fewer ATP being made. It also depends on exactly how many NADH and FADH2 molecules are generated through glycolysis and the Krebs/citric acid cycle stages. FADH2 enters the chain later than NADH, resulting in less ATP.

What is the difference between NADH and nadnad+?

NAD+ / NADH Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotidein its oxidized state is called NAD+, after being reduced (or accepting electrons), it is referred to as NADH. See figure 4 for a molecular illustration.

How many H+ are pumped out of mitochondria for each NADH?

It is now widely accepted that 10 H+ are pumped out of the mitochondrion from the flow of e- down the electron transport system for each NADH. It takes 4 H+ flowing back into the matrix via ATP synthase to generate 1 ATP.