Table of Contents
Why is a ring formed in a kiln?
Generally, in rotary kiln, firing solid fuels occurs phenomena of ash ring (coating) formation. The ash ring is formed by reaction between impurities coming from feed and ash from fuels in certain range of temperatures. In lime rotary kiln ash ring is formed in calcination zone.
What is snowman in kiln?
Snowman is a formation of large build-up on cooler first grate (static grate) or kiln discharge wall where the clinker falls from the kiln. Snowman may eventually grow to reach the mouth of the kiln, thereby blocking the discharge of clinker from the kiln.
What is ball formation?
Formation of snow ball formation Snow ball forms in transition zone where the temperature is around. 1100 deg C +/- 50 . Low melting compounds like alkalies , sulfides, sulphites. Melt at this temperature and get agglomerated with the rawmeal and forms balls called snow balls.
What causes dusty clinker?
Clinker dust or cement kiln dust (CKD) is fine granulated material which generate during the thermal treatment of raw meal and during the clinker cooling process. The chemical composition of the clinker dust depends on type and composition of raw material, fuel and specific material flow from the kiln system.
What is kiln migration?
Generally Migration tell us about available gap in between kiln tyre and kiln shell. expansion in kiln shell which is minimize the gap between tyre and shell,due to this chances for kiln lining falling and permanent deformation in kiln shell.
How do you find the specific heat of a clinker?
- Qe = 2.15* 0.2402 *(330 – 0) = 170.42 kcal /kg clinker.
- 3.2.4. Heat in Clinker from Cooler Discharge.
- m = wt. of clinker.
- tc= temperature of clinker, = 120°C. Cpc= 0.186 + 54 * 140 * 10 – 6.
- = 0.1935 kcal/kg°C. Qc= 1 * 0.1935 * (140-0)
- = 27.1 kcal/kg clinker. 3.2.5.
- Qce = mce*Cpce*(tce – tr)
- Clinker output rate = 11.6 kg/sec.
What is kiln process?
A kiln is a thermally insulated chamber, a type of oven, that produces temperatures sufficient to complete some process, such as hardening, drying, or chemical changes. Kilns have been used for millennia to turn objects made from clay into pottery, tiles and bricks.
What is kiln torque?
The kiln torque is created by gravity acting on the material bed in the kiln. As the kiln rotates, the material bed is not aligned vertically with the kiln axis and this creates a torque that opposes kiln rotation. Thus, the intensity of the torque reflects the material bed angle inside the kiln.
What is clinker factor?
Clinker factor The percentage of clinker in cement (according to the WBCSD-CSI Cement CO2 and Energy Protocol).
What is clinker made of?
The major raw material for the clinker-making is usually limestone mixed with a second material containing clay as a source of alumino-silicate. An impure limestone containing clay or silicon dioxide (SiO2) can be used. The calcium carbonate (CaCO3) content of these limestones can be as low as 80\% by weight.
What are 4 types of kilns?
Gas kilns are either have an updraft or a downdraft design.
- Updraft kilns. Typically, updraft kilns have burner ports on either side of the base of the kiln.
- Oxidation and Reduction.
- Downdraft kilns.
- Kiln Sitters.
- Oxidation Firing.
- Ventilation.
- Electric Kiln Designs.
- Firing the Wood Burning Kiln.
What is kiln in cement production?
Cement kiln is used to calcine cement clinker in the cement plant, also known as cement plant kiln. As a core cement equipment of clinker production, cement kiln is applicable for various materials, such as limestone, clay, dolomite, bauxite, etc.